While single flats usually point to black piano keys, double-flats often point to piano naturals an A b is a black key, but A bb is.
The double-flat symbol () is placed before a note like other accidentals. The order of flats in the key signatures of music notation, following the circle of fifths, is B ♭, E ♭, A ♭, D ♭, G ♭, C ♭ and F ♭ ( mnemonics for which include Battle Ends And Down Goes Charles' Father and Before Eating A Doughnut Get Coffee First).ĭouble flats also exist, which look like (similar to two flats, ♭ ♭) and lower a note by two semitones, or a whole step. A double-flat is the equivalent of two flats, and lowers a note’s pitch by two half steps. Furthermore, the verb flatten means to lower the pitch of a note, typically by a small musical interval. If two simultaneous notes are slightly out-of-tune, the lower-pitched one (assuming the higher one is properly pitched) is "flat" with respect to the other. A flat sign means to play the key that is a half step lower, therefore if you come across an F note on a piece of music, it means to play the note that is a. In intonation, flat can also mean "slightly lower in pitch" (by some unspecified amount). To allow extended just intonation, composer Ben Johnston uses a sharp as an accidental to indicate a note is raised 70.6 cents (ratio 25:24), and a flat to indicate a note is lowered 70.6 cents.
In any other tuning system, such enharmonic equivalences in general do not exist. Under twelve-tone equal temperament, D ♭ for instance is enharmonically equivalent to C ♯, and G ♭ is equivalent to F ♯.
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